Admitted to the Union on June 25, 1788 as the 10th state.
- 1790 federal census lost for all counties.
- 1800 federal census lost for all counties except Accomack and Louisa. The District of Columbia west of the Potomac River is also lost.
- 1810 federal census extant for all counties except Alexandria (in DC), Grayson, Greenbrier, Halifax, Hardy, Henry, James City, King William, Lee, Louisa, Mecklenburg, Nansemond, Northampton, Orange, Patrick, Pittsylvania, Russell, and Tazewell.
- 1820 – 1940 federal censuses extant for all counties except for 1890.
| Accomack | Albemarle | Alleghany | Amelia |
| Amherst | Appomattox | Arlington | Augusta |
| Bath | Bedford | Bland | Botetourt |
| Brunswick | Buchanan | Buckingham | Campbell |
| Caroline | Carroll | Charles City | Charlotte |
| Chesterfield | Clarke | Craig | Culpeper |
| Cumberland | Dickenson | Dinwiddie | Essex |
| Fairfax | Fauquier | Floyd | Fluvanna |
| Franklin | Frederick | Giles | Gloucester |
| Goochland | Grayson | Greene | Greensville |
| Halifax | Hanover | Henrico | Henry |
| Highland | Isle Of Wight | James City | King And Queen |
| King George | King William | Lancaster | Lee |
| Loudoun | Louisa | Lunenburg | Madison |
| Mathews | Mecklenburg | Middlesex | Montgomery |
| Nelson | New Kent | Northampton | Northumberland |
| Nottoway | Orange | Page | Patrick |
| Pittsylvania | Powhatan | Prince Edward | Prince George |
| Prince William | Pulaski | Rappahannock | Richmond |
| Roanoke | Rockbridge | Rockingham | Russell |
| Scott | Shenandoah | Smyth | Southampton |
| Spotsylvania | Stafford | Surry | Sussex |
| Tazewell | Warren | Washington | Westmoreland |
| Wise | Wythe | York |